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1.
J. appl. oral sci ; 31: e20230184, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514405

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Genetic polymorphisms have been shown to influence several physiological traits, including dental and craniofacial characteristics. Understanding the clinical relevance of genetic polymorphisms in dental practice is crucial to personalize treatment plans and improve treatment outcomes. Objective to evaluate the association between dental age and genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ESR1 and ESR2, respectively) in a sample of Brazilian children. Methodology This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed with children undergoing orthodontic treatment. Patients with syndromes, congenital anomalies, craniofacial deformities, under hormonal or systemic treatment, and with a previous history of facial trauma were excluded. Panoramic radiographs were used to assess dental age according to the Demirjian, Goldstein, and Tanner method. A delta [dental age-chronological age (DA-CA)] was obtained, which shows whether the patient tends to have a normal, delayed (negative values), or advanced (positive values) dental age. DNA isolated from buccal cells was used to genotype four genetic polymorphisms: rs9340799 (A>G) and rs2234693 (C>T), located in ESR1; and rs1256049 (C>T) and rs4986938 (C>T), located in ESR2. A statistical analysis was performed and values of p<0.05 indicated statistical difference. Results A total of 79 patients were included, 44 (55.70%) girls and 35 (44.30%) boys. The Demirjian, Goldstein, and Tanner method, in general, overestimated patients' age by 0.75 years. There was no difference in the delta of dental age between the sexes (p>0.05). Genetic polymorphisms in ESR1 and ESR2 were not associated with dental age (p>0.05). Conclusion The studied genetic polymorphisms in ESR1 and ESR2 were not associated with dental age in Brazilian children.

2.
Braz. dent. j ; 33(2): 99-108, Mar.-Apr. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1374631

ABSTRACT

Abstract Considering that smoking is a public health problem that has been growing among adolescents, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of cigarette smoke on osteogenic and osteoclastogenic signaling in middle palatal suture of rats. Male Wistar rats exposed (n = 30) or not to cigarette smoke (n = 30) were used. Exposure to smoke was carried out for two daily periods of 3 minutes each, with an interval of 12 hours between exposures. After the experimental periods of 3, 7, 14 and 21 days, the animals were euthanized. The collected tissues were analyzed using light microscopy and real-time RT-PCR was performed to investigate gene expression. The data obtained were compared using the Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests (⍺ = 5%). Morphologically, there were no significant changes in the middle palatal suture of rats exposed or not to cigarette smoke during 3, 7, 14 and 21 days (p> 0.05). On the other hand, osteoclastogenic signaling was increased in animals exposed to smoke and was characterized by a higher production of RANKL at 3 and 14 days (p <0.05), with no change in the synthesis of RANK and osteoprotegerin (p> 0.05). Interestingly, in the exposed animals, an early increase in the synthesis of osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein and osteopontin was also identified at 3 days of exposure (p <0.05), not sustained over time (p> 0.05). Cigarette smoke modulates osteogenic and osteoclastogenic signaling in the middle palatal suture of young rats, although morphological changes have not been evidenced.


Resumo Considerando que a fumaça de cigarro é um problema de saúde pública que está crescendo entre os adolescentes, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o impacto da fumaça de cigarro na sinalização osteogênica e osteoclastogênica da sutura palatina mediana de ratos. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos expostos (n=30) e não expostos à fumaça de cigarro (n=30). A exposição à fumaça de cigarro foi realizada duas vezes ao dia por 3 minutos, com um intervalo de 12 horas entre as exposições. Os animais foram mortos após o período experimental de 3, 7, 14 e 21 dias. Os tecidos coletados foram analisados em microscópico de luz e pelo RT-PCR em tempo real foi realizado para investigar a expressão gênica. s dados obtidos foram comparados usando o testes de Kruskal Wallis e Dunn (⍺ = 5%). Morfoligicamente, não houve mudança significativa na sutura palatina mediana nos ratos expostos ou não à fumaça de cigarro durante os tempo de 3, 7, 14 e 21 dias (p> 0.05). Por outro lado, a sinalização osteogênica esta aumentada nos animais expostos à fumaça e foi caracterizado por um aumento da produção de RANKL aos 3 e 14 dias (p <0.05), sem mudança na síntese da produção de RANK e osteoprotegerina (p> 0.05). Curiosamente, nos animais expostos, também foi observado um aumento precoce da síntese de osteocalcina, sialoproteína óssea e de osteopontina aos 3 dias de exposição, o que não foi mantido ao longo do tempo. A fumaça de cigarro modula a sinalização osteogênica e osteoclastogênica na sutura palatina mediana de ratos jovens, apesar de não tenha sido evidenciado alterações morfológicas.

3.
Braz. dent. j ; 32(2): 45-52, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1339328

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study evaluated shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI) and fracture mode of chemically and mechanically retained ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser. The null hypothesis was that ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser would have similar SBS values. Ninety human premolars were divided into four experimental groups according to the combination of type of composite resin (Transbond XT and Z 250) and type of ceramic bracket (Fascination and Mystique), and two control groups (n=15). In the four experimental groups, the brackets were irradiated with CO2 laser at 10 W for 3 seconds before SBS testing. Enamel surface ARI was calculated after debonding under electron microscopy scanning. ANOVA and the Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis. The laser groups had lower SBS values than the non-irradiated groups (control) (p<0.05). The mechanically retained brackets (Mystique) had the higher (p<0.05) and Z250 had the lower SBS values after CO2 laser irradiation. The groups bonded with Z250 had the highest ARI. Adhesive fractures were the most prevalent. The null hypothesis was rejected. CO2 laser decreased SBS efficiently and facilitated debonding of mechanically and chemically retained ceramic brackets.


Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união ao cisalhamento da colagem (RCC), o índice de remanescente de adesivo (IRA) e o modo de fratura de bráquetes cerâmicos com retenção química e mecânica colados com diferentes compositos e irradiados com laser de CO2. A hipótese nula testada foi que bráquetes colados com diferentes compósitos e irradiados com laser de CO2 apresentam valores semelhantes de RCC. Noventa pré-molares humanos foram divididos em 6 grupos (n=15): 2 controles e 4 experimentais que se diferenciaram pelo tipo de bráquete ceramic (Fascination and Mystique) e pelo compósito de fixação (Transbond XT e Z 250). Nos quatro grupos experimentais, os bráquetes foram irradiados com laser de CO2 com 10W por 3 segundos anteriormente ao teste de RCC. O IRA das superficies de esmalte foram avaliados após a descolagem e submetidos a análise em microscopia electrônica de varredura (MEV). Para análise estatística foram utilizados ANOVA e o teste de mann-Whitney. Os grupos laser mostraram valores de RCC menores que os grupos não irradiados (controles) (p<0.05). Os bráquetes com retenção mecânica (Mystique) mostraram alta RCC (p<0.05) e o compósito Z 250 obteve os mais baixos valores de RCC após irradiação com laser. Os grupos colados com o compósito Z 250 apresentaram os mais altos escores do IRA. O modo de fratura mais prevalente foi a adesiva. A hipótese nula foi rejeitada. O laser de CO2 foi eficaz para diminuir os valores de RCC e facilitou a descolagem dos bráquetes cerâmicos de retenção química e mecânica


Subject(s)
Humans , Orthodontic Brackets , Lasers, Gas , Ceramics
4.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 25(1): 70-79, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089825

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Transverse deficiencies should be a priority in orthodontic treatment, and should be corrected as soon as diagnosed, to restore the correct transverse relationship between maxilla and mandible and, consequently, normal maxillary growth. Corrections may be performed at the skeletal level, by opening the midpalatal suture, or by dentoalveolar expansion. The choice of a treatment alternative depends on certain factors, such as age, sex, degree of maxillary hypoplasia and maturation of the midpalatal suture. Thus, the present study discusses different treatment approaches to correct maxillary hypoplasia in patients with advanced skeletal maturation.


RESUMO Os problemas transversais devem ser priorizados no tratamento ortodôntico e corrigidos assim que diagnosticados, para restituir a correta relação transversal entre maxila e mandíbula e, consequentemente, restabelecer o crescimento maxilar normal. A correção pode ser realizada em nível esquelético, por meio da abertura da sutura palatina mediana (SPM), ou por expansão dentoalveolar. A opção de tratamento depende de alguns fatores como idade, sexo, grau de hipoplasia da maxila e a maturação da SPM. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi discutir as diferentes abordagens terapêuticas para correção da hipoplasia maxilar em pacientes com maturação esquelética avançada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Palatal Expansion Technique , Maxilla , Mandible
5.
Rev. Cient. CRO-RJ (Online) ; 4(1): 28-33, Jan.-Apr. 2019.
Article in English | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1024160

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Tooth agenesis (TA) is the congenital absence of teeth. Several studies have proposed a strong genetic background for this condition. Aim: The present cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether genetic polymorphisms in the genes that code for estrogen receptors ( ESR1 and ESR2 ) are associated with the presence of isolated TA in a Brazilian sample. Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 142 orthodontic patients were assessed to determine TA of permanent teeth (excluding third molars). DNA of patients was extracted from buccal cells from saliva to evaluate genetic polymorphisms in ESR1 ( rs2234693 and rs9340799 ) and ESR2 ( rs1256049 and rs4986938 ) by genotyping using the real-time PCR technique. For statistical analyses, associations between the distributions of the alleles and genotypes, and the ocurrence of TA were assessed for each genetic polymorphism, with an established alpha of 5%. Results: Thirteen patients had at least 1 congenital missing tooth. The number of congenitally missing teeth ranged from 1 to 11. The genetic polymorphisms rs2234693 and rs9340799 in ESR1 and rs1256049 in ESR2 were not associated with TA ( p > 0.05) . For the genetic polymorphism rs4986938 in ESR2, the genotype and allele distributions were significantly different between the patients with and without TA ( p < 0.05). The CC genotype and the C allele were overrepresented in the TA patients. Conclusion: The genetic polymorphism rs4986938 in ESR2 was associated with the ocurrence o f TA.


Introdução: A agenesia dentária (AD) é a ausência congênita de um ou mais dentes. Vários estudos vêm sugerindo o forte componente genético para essa condição. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se os polimorfismos genéticos nos genes que codificam os receptores de estrógeno ( ESR1 e ESR2 ) estão associados à ocorrrência de AD isolada em uma amostra brasileira. Métodos: Radiografias panorâmicas de 142 pacientes ortodônticos foram avaliadas para determinar AD de dentes permanentes (excluindo terceiros molares). O DNA dos pacientes foi extraído das células da mucosa bucal contidas na saliva para avaliar polimorfismos genéticos em ESR1 ( rs2234693 e rs9340799 ) e ESR2 ( rs1256049 e rs4986938 ) por genotipagem usando a técnica de PCR em tempo real. Para análises estatísticas, associações entre as distribuições dos alelos e genótipos e a ocorrrência de AD foram avaliadas para cada polimorfismo genético, com um alfa estabelecido de 5%. Resultados: Treze pacientes tiveram pelo menos 1 dente congenitamente ausente. O número de dentes congenitamente ausentes variou de 1 a 11. Os polimorfismos genéticos rs2234693 e rs9340799 no ESR1 e rs1256049 no ESR2 não foram associados à AD ( p > 0,05). Para o polimorfismo genético rs4986938 no ESR2 , as distribuições dos genótipos e dos alelos foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os pacientes com e sem AD ( p < 0,05). O genótipo CC e o alelo C estavam super-representados nos pacientes com AD. Conclusão: Houve associação entre o polimorfismo genético rs4986938 no ESR2 e a ocorrrência de AD.


Subject(s)
Dentistry , Polymorphism, Genetic , Anodontia
6.
J. appl. oral sci ; 27: e20180426, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1002406

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives Enamel demineralization is among the main topics of interest in the orthodontic field. Self-ligating brackets have been regarded as advantageous in this aspect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the break homeostasis in the oral environment and the levels of microorganisms associated with dental caries among the different types of brackets. Material and Methods Twenty patients received two self-ligating brackets: In-Ovation®R, SmartClipTM, and one conventional GeminiTM. Saliva was collected before bonding (S0), 30 (S1) and 60 (S2) days after bonding. One sample of each bracket was removed at 30 and 60 days for the in situ analysis. Checkerboard DNA-DNA Hybridization was employed to evaluate the levels of microbial species as-sociated with dental caries. Data were evaluated by nonparametric Friedman and Wilcoxon tests at 5% significance level. Results The salivary levels of L. casei (p=0.033), S. sobrinus (p=0.011), and S. sanguinis (p=0.004) increased in S1. The in situ analyses showed alteration in S. mutans (p=0.047), whose highest levels were observed to the In-Ovation®R. Conclusions The orthodontic appliances break the salivary homeostasis of microorganisms involved in dental caries. The contamination pattern was different between self-ligating and conventional brackets. The In-Ovation®R presented worse performance considering the levels of cariogenic bacterial species.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Saliva/microbiology , Orthodontic Brackets/microbiology , Dental Caries/microbiology , Time Factors , DNA Probes , Dental Bonding , Orthodontic Brackets/standards , Orthodontic Appliance Design , Statistics, Nonparametric , Homeostasis
7.
J. appl. oral sci ; 27: e20180476, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1040231

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives: Miniscrew has been frequently used, considering that anchorage control is a critical point in orthodontic treatment, and its failure, the main adverse problem. Using two groups of stable (successful) and unstable (failed) mini-implants, this in vivo study aimed to quantify proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 α, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α and osteoclastogenesis marker RANK, RANKL, and OPG in gingival tissue, using the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Methodology: Thirteen patients of both sexes (11-49 years old) under orthodontic treatment were selected, obtaining 11 successful and 7 failed mini-implants. The mini-implants were placed and removed by the same surgeon, in both jaws. The mean time of permanence in the mouth was 29.4 months for successful and 7.6 months for failed mini-implants. At removal time, peri-mini-implant gingival tissue samples were collected and processed for quantification of the proinflammatory cytokines and osteoclastogenesis markers. Nonparametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test considering the clusters and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analysis (α=0.05). Results: No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed between the groups for either quantification of cytokines or osteoclastogenesis markers, except for IL-6 (p<0.05). Conclusions: It may be concluded that the expression of IL-1α, IL-17, TNF-α, RANK, RANKL, and OPG in peri-implant gingival tissue were not determinant for mini-implant stability loss, but the higher IL-6 expression could be associated with mini-implant failure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Osteogenesis/physiology , Dental Implants/adverse effects , Cytokines/analysis , Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures/adverse effects , Peri-Implantitis/pathology , Gingivitis/pathology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Biomarkers/analysis , Alveolar Bone Loss , Treatment Outcome , Statistics, Nonparametric , Osteoprotegerin/analysis , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
8.
Rev. odontol. UNESP (Online) ; 48: e20190038, 2019. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1043182

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction The rapid maxillary expansion (RME) reduces the risk of developing structural and functional disorders in the stomatognathic system. Objective To examine the effects of the RME as a treatment for the posterior crossbite, related with the electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles and the TMJ noises in a population of children. Material and method 13 girls and 7 boys, regardless of the type of malocclusion, with a mean age of 9 years old (± 3), were treated with RME. The electrovibratography analyzed the TMJ noise, and the electromyography analyzed the masticatory muscles before treatment (T0) and after three months of a short-term follow-up (T1). The comparisons of the affected and unaffected sides by the crossbite were performed using Mann-Whitney's test, and to compare data before and after treatment the Wilcoxon's test was used (level of significance: 5%). Result No significant differences were found in the parameters of joint noise in comparison to the sides affected and unaffected by the crossbite, in both T0 and T1 (p>0.05); only the side without the crossbite observed decrease in the peak amplitude of the joint noises after treatment. In the static electromyographic analysis, inter-side differences were observed before and after treatment, since the deliberate unilateral chewing showed greater asymmetry activity in T0 for both sides, which has been corrected after treatment, improving the functional chewing. Conclusion The proposed treatment did not lead to the occurrence of joint noises and improved the functional pattern of electromyographic activity during chewing at the end of treatment.


Resumo Introdução A expansão rápida da maxila (RME) reduz o risco de desenvolvimento de distúrbios estruturais e funcionais no sistema estomatognático. Objetivo Analisar os efeitos desta intervenção como tratamento para a mordida cruzada posterior, relacionados à ocorrência de ruídos nas articulações temporomandibulares e à atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos masseter e temporal anterior. Material e método 13 meninas e 7 meninos, independentemente do tipo de maloclusão, com idade média de 9 anos (±3), foram tratadas com RME. Por meio de eletrovibratografia analisou-se ruídos nas articulações temporomandibulares, e de eletromiografia de superfície a atividade dos músculos mastigatórios antes (T0) e após 3 meses do final do tratamento proposto (T1). As comparações entre os lados afetado e não afetado pela mordida cruzada foram realizadas utilizando-se o teste de Mann-Withney. As comparações de antes e após o tratamento foram realizadas pelo teste de Wilcoxon (nível de significância: 5%). Resultado Não houve diferença significativa na eletrovibratografia entre os lados afetado e não afetado pela mordida cruzada, tanto em T0 como em T1 (p>0.05); do lado sem mordida cruzada observou-se diminuição do pico de amplitude dos ruídos articulares após a expansão rápida da maxila (p<0.05). Na análise da eletromiografia estática foram observadas diferenças inter-lados antes e após o tratamento, uma vez que a mastigação deliberada unilateral apresentou maior atividade de assimetria em T0 para ambos os lados, o que foi corrigido após o tratamento (p<0.05), melhorando a mastigação funcional padrão. Conclusão O tratamento proposto para mordida cruzada posterior funcional não levou à ocorrência de ruídos articulares e melhorou o padrão funcional da atividade eletromiográfica durante a mastigação ao final do tratamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders , Palatal Expansion Technique , Electromyography , Malocclusion/therapy , Orthodontic Appliances , Orthodontics, Interceptive , Mastication
9.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 23(1): 97-107, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-891121

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Tooth transposition is one of the most difficult dental anomalies to treat in the dental clinic. Several factors must be taken into account with a view of making the best decision. The aim of this study was to discuss treatment modalities for tooth transposition, their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, it aims at presenting a clinical case of transposition between canine and lateral incisor in the upper quadrant on the right side. The treatment of choice was extraction of one transposed tooth. A multidisciplinary approach involving Orthodontics, Cosmetic Dentistry, and Periodontology was necessary to allow proper esthetic and functional outcomes to be achieved.


RESUMO A transposição é considerada uma das anomalias dentárias mais difíceis de se administrar clinicamente. Vários fatores devem ser considerados para que a melhor decisão seja tomada. Neste artigo, o objetivo foi discutir as modalidades de tratamento da transposição dentária, suas vantagens e desvantagens, e apresentar um caso clínico de transposição entre canino e incisivo lateral na hemiarcada superior direita. A opção terapêutica de escolha foi a extração de um dos dentes transpostos, tendo-se a necessidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar com a participação da Ortodontia, Dentística e Periodontia, a fim de que adequados resultados estéticos e funcionais fossem alcançados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Orthodontics, Corrective , Tooth Eruption, Ectopic/therapy , Patient Care Planning , Tooth Eruption, Ectopic/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Panoramic
10.
J. appl. oral sci ; 26: e20170631, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-954522

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives Using two groups of mini-implants (successful and failed) the objectives of this in vivo study were: to evaluate the microbial contamination by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique and to quantify the bacterial endotoxin by the limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Material and Methods The 15 successful and 10 failed mini-implants (1.6 mm diameter × 7.0 or 9.0 mm long), placed in the maxilla and/or mandible, were obtained from 15 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Data were analyzed statistically by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test using the SAS software (a=0.05). Results All 40 microbial species were detected in both groups of mini-implants, with different frequencies. No differences were observed between the groups with respect to microbial complexes (blue, purple, yellow, green, orange, red and other species) and endotoxin quantification (p>0.05). Conclusion Neither microbial contamination nor endotoxin quantification was determinant for the early loss of stability of the mini-implants.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Dental Implants/microbiology , Endotoxins/analysis , Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures/methods , Reference Values , DNA, Bacterial , Treatment Outcome , Statistics, Nonparametric , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Limulus Test/methods , Middle Aged , Nucleic Acid Hybridization/methods
11.
Braz. dent. j ; 28(4): 498-503, July-Aug. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888673

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to test the hypothesis that Streptococcus mutans contamination levels differ according to the type of the orthodontic ligature. Thirteen patients were selected. Each quadrant was randomly subjected to one of the following ligature-use protocols: I) elastomeric chain, II) steel ligature crossed over the archwire, III) steel ligature crossed under the archwire, and IV) steel ligature in a figure-eight pattern under the archwire. After seven days, the devices were removed and the Streptococcus mutans colony-forming unit count per mg of biofilm weight was determined. Twelve specimens (n=3) were also processed for scanning electron microscopy analysis. ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test were used for comparisons to assess S. mutans differences between groups at a 5% significance level. There was no statistical difference in detectable levels of S. mutans among the groups (p=0.294). Scanning electron microscopy results showed abundant biofilms and microbial contamination in all groups. In conclusion, S. mutans contamination levels are similar in the different orthodontic ligatures.


Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo testar a hipótese de que os níveis de contaminação de Streptococcus mutans diferem de acordo com o tipo de ligadura ortodôntica. Treze pacientes foram selecionados. Cada quadrante foi submetido aleatoriamente a um dos seguintes protocolos de uso de ligadura: I) ligadura elastomérica, II) ligadura de aço trançada sobre o arco, III) ligadura de aço trançada sob o arco e IV) ligadura de aço em um padrão de "oito" sob o arco. Após sete dias, os dispositivos foram removidos e a contagem das unidades formadoras de colônia de S. mutans por mg de peso de biofilme foi determinada. Doze espécimes (n = 3) também foram processados para análise por microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Análise de variância e teste de Tukey-Kramer foram utilizados para comparações a fim de avaliar as diferenças de níveis de S. mutans entre os grupos com significância de 5%. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante em níveis detectáveis de S. mutans entre os grupos (p = 0,294). Os resultados da microscopia eletrônica de varredura mostraram biofilmes abundantes e contaminação microbiana em todos os grupos. Em conclusão, os níveis de contaminação de S. mutans são semelhantes nas diferentes ligaduras ortodônticas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Orthodontic Wires/microbiology , Streptococcus mutans/isolation & purification , Colony Count, Microbial , Elastomers , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Cross-Sectional Studies
12.
J. appl. oral sci ; 25(2): 196-202, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-841177

ABSTRACT

Abstract Decalcification of enamel during fixed orthodontic appliance treatment remains a problem. White spot lesions are observed in nearly 50% of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. The use of fluoride-containing orthodontic materials has shown inconclusive results on their ability to reduce decalcification. The aims of this investigation were to compare the levels of Streptococcus mutans (SM) in saliva and biofilm adjacent to orthodontic brackets retained with a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) (Fuji ORTHO LC) and a light cured composite resin (Transbond XT), and to analyze the influence of topical application of the 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) on SM counts. In a parallel study design, two groups (n=14/15) were used with random allocation and high salivary SM counts before treatment. Biofilm was collected from areas adjacent to the brackets on teeth 13, 22, 33, and 41. Both saliva and biofilm were collected on the 7th, 21st, 35th, and 49th days after appliance placement. Topical fluoride application was carried out on the 35th day. Bonding with RMGIC did not alter SM counts in saliva or biofilm adjacent to the brackets. On the other hand, the biofilm adjacent to brackets retained with composite resin showed a significant increase in SM counts along the trial period. Topical application of 1.23% APF did not reduce salivary or biofilm SM counts regardless of the bonding material. In conclusion, fluoride topical application did not show efficacy in reducing SM. The use of RMGIC as bonding materials allowed a better control of SM cfu counts in dental biofilm hindering the significant increase of these microorganisms along the trial period, which was observed in the biofilm adjacent to the composite material.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Saliva/microbiology , Streptococcus mutans/drug effects , Acrylic Resins/pharmacology , Fluorides, Topical/pharmacology , Orthodontic Brackets/microbiology , Biofilms/drug effects , Aluminum Silicates/pharmacology , Glass Ionomer Cements/pharmacology , Streptococcus mutans/isolation & purification , Streptococcus mutans/physiology , Time Factors , Cariostatic Agents/pharmacology , Reproducibility of Results , Analysis of Variance , Dental Bonding/methods , Resin Cements/pharmacology , Bacterial Load
13.
Ortho Sci., Orthod. sci. pract ; 9(34): 36-45, 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-831173

ABSTRACT

A Ortodontia, desde que surgiu como especialidade, faz uso de elásticos para correção das más oclusões, sendo impossível imaginar um tratamento ortodôntico corretivo sem essa ferramenta. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar a hipótese que elásticos 1/8”, 3/16”, 1/4” e 5/16” não látex sofrem maior deformação e degradação que elásticos látex de mesmo diâmetro. O modelo experimental foi constituído de placa de acrílico contendo bráquetes ortodônticos e os elásticos foram inseridos no bráquete do canino e segundo pré-molar. O diâmetro interno e a magnitude de força de cada elástico foram mensurados nos intervalos de 0, 24 horas, 72 horas e 504 horas. A amostra foi armazenada em saliva artificial em temperatura ambiente durante todo período de avaliação e os elásticos foram removidos e novamente inseridos três vezes ao dia para simular as trocas realizadas pelo paciente. O diâmetro interno e a magnitude de força entre os elásticos látex e não látex nos diferentes períodos experimentais foram comparados pela ANOVA de medidas repetidas e pelo pós-teste de Bonferroni. A deformação dos elásticos de látex foi menor e mais uniforme do que os de não látex. Elásticos não látex apresentaram maior degradação de força do que os de látex em todos os períodos.


Since Orthodontics emerged as specialty elastics are used for malocclusion correction. It is impossible to imagine a corrective treatment without this tool. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that 1/8”, 3/16”, 1/4” and 5/16 non-latex intermaxillary elastics suffer bigger deformation and degradation over time than latex elastics of the same diameter. The experimental model consisted of an acrylic plate containing orthodontic brackets and the elastics were inserted in brackets of the canine and second bicuspid. Internal diameter and magnitude of force of each elastic were measured at intervals from 24 hours, 72 hours, and 504 hours. The sample was stored in artificial saliva at room temperature throughout the evaluation period and the elastics were removed and reinstalled at the plates three times daily in order to simulate the changes made by the patient. The internal diameter and magnitude of force between the non-latex and latex elastics at the different periods were compared by ANOVA with repeated measures and the Bonferroni post-test. The deformation of the latex elastics was lower and more uniform than those of non-latex. The non-latex elastics showed higher force degradation than latex in all periods.


Subject(s)
Latex , Orthodontics, Corrective , Tensile Strength , Saliva, Artificial
14.
Braz. dent. j ; 24(5): 508-512, Sep-Oct/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-697648

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the effectiveness of carbon dioxide (CO2) laser combined or not with fluoride application on the surface microhardness of enamel adjacent to orthodontic brackets. Fifteen human molars were selected from which 30 enamel fragments measuring 4 mm2 were obtained. The fragments were embedded in PCV tubes with acrylic resin and prepared using water abrasive paper, felt disks and alumina. Orthodontic brackets cut in half were bonded to enamel and 3 microhardness readings were performed on the adjacent surface, as follows: initial, after cariogenic challenge and final. The specimens were divided into the following 3 groups (n=10): Group C: control, Group L: irradiated with CO2 laser, and Group FL: topical fluoride application and CO2 laser irradiation. After initial reading, the specimens were placed in a demineralizing solution for 32 h and the second reading was to verify if demineralization was uniform in all groups. After the treatments, the specimens were submitted to DES-RE cycling for 8 days followed by final surface microhardness reading. The data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and Duncan test (α=0.05). At the final measurement Group FL obtained higher microhardness value than Groups C and L (p<0.05). Groups L and FL were statistically superior to Group C (p<0.05). Irradiation with CO2 laser around orthodontic brackets combined or not with topical fluoride application was effective to increase the surface microhardness of enamel.


Este estudo avaliou a eficácia do laser de CO2, associado ou não à aplicação de flúor na microdureza superficial do esmalte dentário adjacente a bráquetes ortodônticos. Foram selecionados 15 molares humanos, dos quais 30 fragmentos de esmalte com 4 mm2 foram obtidos. Os fragmentos foram incluídos em tubos de PVC, contendo resina acrílica, preparados usando lixas d'água e discos de feltro e alumina. Bráquetes ortodônticos cortados ao meio foram colados no esmalte e 3 leituras de microdureza foram realizadas na superfície adjacente: inicial, após desafio cariogênico e final. Os espécimes foram divididos em 3 grupos (n=10): Grupo C - Controle, Grupo L - irradiado com laser de CO2 e Grupo FL - aplicação tópica de flúor e irradiação com laser de CO2. Após leitura inicial, os espécimes foram colocados em solução desmineralizadora por 32 h e a segunda leitura foi realizada para verificar se desmineralização foi uniforme em todos os grupos. Após os tratamentos, os espécimes foram submetidos a ciclagem DES-RE durante 8 dias seguida da leitura da microdureza superficial final. Os dados foram analisdos estatisticamente utilizando ANOVA e o teste de Duncan (α=0,05). Na mensuração final o grupo FL obteve maior valor de microdureza que os grupos C e L (p<0,05). Os grupos L e FL foram estatisticamente superiores ao grupo C (p<0,05). A irradiação de laser de CO2 ao redor de bráquetes ortodônticos combinadas ou não à aplicação tópica de flúor foi eficaz no aumento da microdureza superficial do esmalte.


Subject(s)
Humans , Carbon Dioxide , Dental Enamel , Fluorides/administration & dosage , Hardness Tests , Lasers , Orthodontic Brackets , Molar , Surface Properties
15.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 18(3): 94-100, May-June 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-690003

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Orthodontic-surgical treatment was performed in patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion due to exceeding mandibular growth. Patient also presented upper and lower dental protrusion, overjet of -3.0 mm, overbite of -1.0 mm, congenital absence of tooth #22, teeth #13 and supernumerary impaction, tooth #12 with conoid shape and partly erupted in supraversion, prolonged retention of tooth #53, tendency to vertical growth of the face and facial asymmetry. The discrepancy on the upper arch was -2.0 mm and -5.0 mm on the lower arch. METHODS: The pre-surgical orthodontic treatment was performed with extractions of the teeth #35 and #45. On the upper arch, teeth #53, #12 and supernumerary were extracted to accomplish the traction of the impacted canine. The spaces of the lower extractions were closed with mesialization of posterior segment. After aligning and leveling the teeth, extractions spaces closure and correct positioning of teeth on the bone bases, the correct intercuspation of the dental arch, with molars and canines in Angle's Class I, coincident midline, normal overjet and overbite and ideal torques, were evaluated through study models. The patient was submitted to orthognathic surgery and then the post-surgical orthodontic treatment was finished. RESULTS: The Class III malocclusion was treated establishing occlusal and facial normal standards.


INTRODUÇÃO: o presente trabalho apresenta um tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico realizado em paciente portadora de má oclusão de Classe III esquelética com crescimento mandibular, protrusão dentária superior e inferior, trespasse horizontal de -3,0mm, trespasse vertical de -1,0mm, ausência congênita do dente 22, dentes 13 e supranumerários inclusos, dente 12 com forma conoide e parcialmente irrompido em supraversão, retenção prolongada do dente 53, tendência ao crescimento vertical da face e assimetria facial. A discrepância na arcada superior era de -2,0mm, e na inferior era de -5,0mm. MÉTODOS: o tratamento ortodôntico pré-cirúrgico foi realizado com extrações dos dentes 35 e 45. Na arcada superior foram extraídos os dentes 53, 12 e supranumerário, para efetuar o tracionamento do canino incluso. Os espaços das extrações inferiores foram fechados com mesialização do segmento posterior. Após o alinhamento e nivelamento dos dentes, foram avaliados por meio de modelos de estudo o fechamento dos espaços das extrações e o posicionamento correto dos dentes nas bases ósseas, a intercuspidação correta das arcadas dentárias, com molares e caninos em Classe I de Angle, linhas medianas coincidentes, trespasse horizontal e trespasse vertical normais e torques ideais. A paciente foi encaminhada para realização de cirurgia ortognática e, em seguida, o tratamento ortodôntico pós-cirúrgico foi finalizado. RESULTADOS: a má oclusão de Classe III foi corrigida, estabelecendo padrões oclusais e faciais normais.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Anodontia/complications , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/complications , Orthodontics, Corrective , Orthognathic Surgery , Tooth, Unerupted/complications , Anodontia/surgery , Anodontia/therapy , Cephalometry , Cuspid/pathology , Extraoral Traction Appliances , Facial Asymmetry/complications , Facial Asymmetry/surgery , Facial Asymmetry/therapy , Incisor/pathology , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/surgery , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/therapy , Orthodontic Space Closure , Tooth Extraction , Tooth, Supernumerary/complications , Tooth, Supernumerary/surgery , Tooth, Unerupted/surgery
16.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 17(4): 129-133, July-Aug. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-653512

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on facial morphology and on nasal cavity dimensions of mouth breathing children by acoustic rhinometry and computed rhinomanometry. METHODS: Cohort; 29 mouth breathing children with posterior crossbite were evaluated. Orthodontic and otorhinolaryngologic documentation were performed at three different times, i.e., before expansion, immediately after and 90 days following expansion. RESULTS: The expansion was accompanied by an increase of the maxillary and nasal bone transversal width. However, there were no significant differences in relation to mucosal area of the nose. Acoustic rhinometry showed no difference in the minimal cross-sectional area at the level of the valve and inferior turbinate between the periods analyzed, although rhinomanometry showed a statistically significant reduction in nasal resistance right after expansion, but were similar to pre-treatment values 90 days after expansion. CONCLUSION: The maxillary expansion increased the maxilla and nasal bony area, but was inefficient to increase the nasal mucosal area, and may lessen the nasal resistance, although there was no difference in nasal geometry. Significance: Nasal bony expansion is followed by a mucosal compensation.


OBJETIVO: avaliar o efeito da expansão rápida da maxila na dimensão da cavidade nasal e na morfologia facial através da rinometria acústica e rinomanometria computadorizada. MÉTODOS: foram avaliadas 29 crianças na fase de dentição mista, portadoras de respiração bucal e mordida cruzada posterior. A documentação ortodôntica e a avaliação otorrinolaringológica foram realizadas em três tempos - antes da expansão rápida da maxila, imediatamente após e 90 dias depois. RESULTADOS: a expansão promoveu um aumento na dimensão da cavidade nasal e na maxila transversalmente. Contudo, não houve diferenças significativas na área da mucosa nasal. A rinometria acústica mostrou que não houve diferenças na área de secção transversa ao nível da válvula e concha nasal inferior; entretanto, a rinomanometria mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significativas na resistência nasal, que diminuiu após a expansão rápida da maxila. CONCLUSÕES: a expansão maxilar aumenta a área óssea maxilar e nasal; contudo, esse aumento não foi suficiente para aumentar a área da mucosa e diminuir a resistência nasal. Importância: a expansão óssea nasal foi seguida por uma compensação da mucosa.

17.
Braz. dent. j ; 23(6): 768-778, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-662441

ABSTRACT

Open bite has fascinated Orthodontics due to the difficulties regarding its treatment and maintenance of results. This anomaly has distinct characteristics that, in addition to the complexity of multiple etiological factors, have aesthetic and functional consequences. Within this etiological context, several types of mechanics have been used in open bite treatment, such as palatal crib, orthopedic forces, occlusal adjustment, orthodontic camouflage with or without extraction, orthodontic intervention using mini-implants or mini-plates, and even orthognathic surgery. An accurate diagnosis and etiological determination are always the best guides to establish the objectives and the ideal treatment plan for such a malocclusion. This report describes two cases of open bite. At the end of the treatment, both patients had their canines and molars in Class I occlusion, normal overjet and overbite, and stability during the posttreatment period.


A mordida aberta tem fascinado enormemente a Ortodontia devido à dificuldade de tratamento e manutenção da estabilidade. É uma anomalia com características distintas que, além da complexidade dos múltiplos fatores etiológicos traz consequências estéticas e funcionais. De acordo com a etiologia, muitas mecânicas têm sido utilizadas no tratamento da mordida aberta, entre elas, grades palatinas, forças ortopédicas, ajuste oclusal, terapia de camuflagem com ou sem exodontias, intervenção ortodôntica com auxilio de mini-implantes ou mini-placas até a cirurgia ortognática. Considerando que um diagnóstico apropriado e a determinação da etiologia sempre serão os melhores guias para conduzir os objetivos e o plano de tratamento ideal desta maloclusão, dois casos de mordida aberta foram apresentados. Ao final do tratamento ambos os casos apresentaram oclusão de Classe I de caninos e molares, trespasse horizontal (overjet) e trespasse vertical (overbite) normais e na avaliação pós-contenção, mostraram estabilidade.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Open Bite/diagnosis , Cephalometry/methods , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Extraoral Traction Appliances , Follow-Up Studies , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/diagnosis , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/therapy , Mandible/growth & development , Mouth Breathing/diagnosis , Orthodontic Retainers , Open Bite/etiology , Open Bite/therapy , Palatal Expansion Technique , Patient Care Planning , Speech Disorders/diagnosis , Tongue Habits , Tooth Extraction , Treatment Outcome , Tooth Ankylosis/diagnosis , Tooth Ankylosis/therapy , Tooth Eruption, Ectopic/diagnosis , Tooth Eruption, Ectopic/surgery , Tooth Movement Techniques/methods
18.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 16(1): 126-138, jan.-fev. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-580323

ABSTRACT

A mordida aberta é uma anomalia com características distintas que, além da complexidade dos múltiplos fatores etiológicos, traz consequências estéticas e funcionais. Muitas alternativas têm sido utilizadas em seu tratamento, entre elas a grade palatina, forças ortopédicas, ajuste oclusal, camuflagem com ou sem exodontias, mini-implantes ou miniplacas e cirurgia ortognática. O diagnóstico preciso e a determinação da etiologia permitem estabelecer os objetivos e o plano de tratamento ideal para essa má oclusão. O presente relato descreve o tratamento de uma má oclusão Classe I de Angle, com padrão esquelético de Classe II e mordida aberta anterior, realizado em duas fases e que foi apresentado à diretoria do Board Brasileiro de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial (BBO), representando a categoria 2, como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de Diplomado pelo BBO.


Open bite is an anomaly with distinct characteristics which, in addition to involving complex, multiple etiologic factors, entails aesthetic and functional consequences. Many alternative approaches have been employed to treat open bite, including palatal crib, orthopedic forces, occlusal adjustment, camouflage with or without extractions, mini-implants or mini-plates, and orthognathic surgery. By determining accurate diagnosis and etiology professionals can set the goals and ideal treatment plan for this malocclusion. This report, describing the two stages treatment of a Angle Class I malocclusion with Class II skeletal pattern and anterior open bite, was presented to the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (BBO), representative of category 2, as partial fulfillment of the requirements for obtaining the title of BBO Diplomate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Malocclusion, Angle Class I/diagnosis , Malocclusion, Angle Class I/etiology , Malocclusion, Angle Class I/therapy , Open Bite/etiology , Open Bite/therapy , Orthodontics, Corrective , Tooth Extraction , Orthodontics/methods
19.
Braz. dent. j ; 22(3): 249-253, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-595649

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of different light-emitting diodes (LED) light-curing devices for bonding orthodontic brackets, using the shear bond strength and analysis of adhesive remnant index (ARI). Crowns from 60 bovine incisors received brackets bonded with Transbond XT. Specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=15) according to the light-curing procedures: HL = control, halogen light; OR = Ortholux LED; UL = Ultraled XP, and RD = Radii LED. All light-curing procedures were performed for 40 s. Shear bond strength test was evaluated using an universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test. The ARI scores were evaluated with a stereoscopic magnifying glass and analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis test. A significance level of 5 percent was set for all analyses. Shear bond strength means in MPa and standard deviations were 9.82 (3.28), 12.70 (3.35), 9.04 (2.80) and 11.22 (2.36) for HL, OR, UL and RD, respectively. OR presented the highest shear bond strength mean value. HL differed significantly (p<0.05) from Groups OR and RD. However, these groups did not differ significantly from each other (p>0.05). Regarding the ARI scores, no statistically significant difference was observed (p>0.05) among the groups. In conclusion, Ortholux LED and Radii LED units provided the highest values of bracket adhesive strength.


O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de diferentes aparelhos de luz tipo LED na colagem de bráquetes ortodônticos, através do teste de resistência ao cisalhamento e do Índice de Remanescente do Adesivo (IRA). Coroas de 60 incisivos bovinos receberam a colagem de bráquetes com compósito Transbond XT. A amostra foi dividida em 4 grupos (n=15) de acordo com os seguintes tipos de fotoativação: HL: controle, luz halógena; OR= Ortholux LED; UL= Ultraled XP e RD= Radii LED. Todas as fotoativações foram realizadas por 40 s. O teste de resistência ao cisalhamento foi realizado em máquina universal de ensaios mecânicos à velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo ANOVA e teste de Tukey. Os escores do IRA foram avaliados em lupa estereoscópica e analisados estatisticamente pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis. O nível de significância de 5 por cento foi adotado para todas as análises. Os valores médios (MPa) e o desvio-padrão do teste de resistência ao cisalhamento foram 9,82 (3,28), 12,70 (3,35), 9,04 (2,80) e 11,22 (2,36) para o grupo HL, OR, UL e RD, respectivamente. O grupo OR apresentou os maiores valores médios de resistência ao cisalhamento. O grupo HL diferiu significativamente (p<0,05) dos grupos OR e RD. Entretanto, este dois grupos não diferiram estatisticamente entre si (p>0,05). Quanto ao escores do IRA, nenhuma diferença estatística significante foi observada (p>0,05) entre os grupos. Concluiu-se que as unidades de luz Ortholux LED e Radii LED proporcionaram maiores valores de resistência adesiva aos bráquetes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Curing Lights, Dental/classification , Dental Bonding , Dental Alloys/chemistry , Orthodontic Brackets , Adhesiveness , Acid Etching, Dental/methods , Dental Enamel/anatomy & histology , Dental Stress Analysis/instrumentation , Materials Testing , Photochemical Processes , Polymerization , Phosphoric Acids/chemistry , Resin Cements/chemistry , Shear Strength , Stress, Mechanical , Surface Properties , Time Factors
20.
Braz. dent. j ; 22(2): 151-156, 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-583805

ABSTRACT

Class III skeletal malocclusion may present several etiologies, among which maxillary deficiency is the most frequent. Bone discrepancy may have an unfavorable impact on esthetics, which is frequently aggravated by the presence of accentuated facial asymmetries. This type of malocclusion is usually treated with association of Orthodontics and orthognathic surgery for correction of occlusion and facial esthetics. This report presents the treatment of a patient aged 15 years and 1 month with Class III skeletal malocclusion, having narrow maxilla, posterior open bite on the left side, anterior crossbite and unilateral posterior crossbite, accentuated negative dentoalveolar discrepancy in the maxillary arch, and maxillary and mandibular midline shift. Clinical examination also revealed maxillary hypoplasia, increased lower one third of the face, concave bone and facial profiles and facial asymmetry with mandibular deviation to the left side. The treatment was performed in three phases: presurgical orthodontic preparation, orthognathic surgery and orthodontic finishing. In reviewing the patient's final records, the major goals set at the beginning of treatment were successfully achieved, providing the patient with adequate masticatory function and pleasant facial esthetics.


A maloclusão esquelética de Classe III pode apresentar diversas etiologias, sendo a deficiência maxilar a mais frequente. Discrepâncias esqueléticas podem ter impacto estético desfavorável, muitas vezes agravadas pela presença de assimetrias faciais acentuadas. Este tipo de maloclusão é geralmente tratado com a associação de Ortodontia e cirurgia ortognática para a correção da oclusão e da estética facial. Este relato de caso apresenta o tratamento de um paciente com 15 anos e 1 mês de idade, com maloclusão esquelética de Classe III, atresia maxilar, mordida aberta posterior do lado esquerdo, mordida cruzada anterior e mordida cruzada posterior unilateral, acentuada discrepância dento-alveolar negativa acentuada no arco maxilar e desvios das linhas médias superior e inferior. Ao exame clínico o paciente também apresentava deficiência maxilar, aumento do terço inferior da face, perfil ósseo e facial côncavos e assimetria facial, com desvio da mandíbula para o lado esquerdo. O tratamento foi realizado em três fases: preparo ortodôntico pré-cirúrgico, cirurgia ortognática e finalização ortodôntica. Analisando os registros finais do paciente, os principais objetivos estabelecidos ao início do tratamento foram alcançados com sucesso, promovendo ao paciente adequada função mastigatória e estética facial agradável.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Facial Asymmetry/complications , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/complications , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/therapy , Orthognathic Surgical Procedures , Facial Asymmetry/surgery , Facial Bones/abnormalities , Incisor/pathology , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/surgery , Mandible/surgery , Maxilla/abnormalities , Maxilla/surgery , Micrognathism/complications , Micrognathism/therapy , Orthodontics, Corrective , Open Bite/complications , Open Bite/therapy , Palatal Expansion Technique , Tooth Eruption, Ectopic/complications , Vertical Dimension
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